Vietnamese perilla (Perilla frutescens var. crispa), known as "Tía Tô" in Vietnam, is a fragrant herb commonly used in Vietnamese cuisine. It features vibrant green or purple leaves with a slightly serrated edge and a unique, aromatic flavor that combines mint, basil, and anise notes.
Perilla is a versatile herb with several varieties, each with unique characteristics and culinary uses. The two main types of perilla are Perilla frutescens and Perilla frutescens
Here's an overview of the most common varieties:
1. Green Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens)
Description: This variety has broad, green leaves with a slightly serrated edge. It has a mild, aromatic flavor with hints of mint, basil, and anise. Uses: Commonly used in Vietnamese and Korean cuisine, green perilla is added to salads, wraps, soups, and as a garnish.
2. Red (or Purple) Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) Description: This variety has deep purple or reddish leaves with a more intense, earthy flavor compared to the green variety. The leaves are slightly smaller and more crinkled. Uses: Often used in Japanese cuisine, particularly in sushi and pickling (e.g., to color umeboshi plums). It's also used in Vietnamese dishes for its vibrant color Uses: Widely used in Korean cuisineand robust flavor.
3. Shiso (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) Description: Shiso is a Japanese variety of perilla, available in both green (aojiso) and red (akajiso) forms. The green variety is slightly spicy and aromatic, while the red variety has a more astringent taste. Uses: Green shiso is commonly used in Japanese dishes like sashimi, salads, and tempura, while red shiso is used to color and flavor pickles.
4. Perilla Seed Variety (Perilla frutescens) Description: This variety is cultivated primarily for its seeds, which are small, brown, and rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Uses: The seeds are used to produce perilla oil, a popular cooking oil in Korea and Japan. The seeds can also be roasted and ground into a spice.
5. Korean Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) Description: Similar to green perilla but with a slightly different flavor profile. It has large, green leaves with a more nutty and sesame-like taste. , particularly in making kimchi, ssam (wraps), and as an ingredient in various sauces and stews.
Health Benefits:
Anti-inflammatory Properties: Rich in antioxidants, particularly rosmarinic acid, Vietnamese perilla helps reduce inflammation and may alleviate symptoms of allergies and asthma. Digestive Aid: Traditionally used to support digestion, it can help relieve stomach discomfort and bloating.
Respiratory Health: The herb is believed to support respiratory health, potentially easing symptoms of colds and coughs.
Rich in Omega-3: Vietnamese perilla seeds are a good source of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid that supports heart health and reduces inflammation.
Skin Health: Its antioxidant properties may also contribute to healthier skin by protecting against oxidative stress. In Vietnamese culture, perilla is often included in salads, soups, and wraps, both for its flavor and its health-enhancing qualities. Perilla juice is a refreshing and healthful drink that highlights the unique flavor of Vietnamese perilla leaves.
Here's a simple recipe:
Ingredients:
4 to 5 cups fresh Vietnamese perilla leaves (Tía Tô), washed and stemmed
2 tablespoons honey (or to taste)
1 tablespoon freshly squeezed lemon or lime juice
4 cups water Ice cubes (optional)
Instructions:
Prepare the Perilla Leaves: Wash the perilla leaves thoroughly to remove any dirt. Gently pat them dry with a towel.
Boil water. Add the leaves, give it a good stir and boil for 2 minutes. Strain and cool. I used a an amber glass vessel which showcases it pink, but actually it is dark green in color. Add honey, and lemon juice . It turns into a beautifull pink color with the addition of lemon.
Taste and Adjust: Taste the juice and adjust the sweetness or acidity by adding more honey or lemon/lime juice if desired.
Serve: Pour the juice into glasses over ice if you prefer a chilled drink. Garnish with a few fresh perilla leaves if you like. Tips: For added flavor, you can add grated ginger, when boiling . If you prefer a slightly thicker texture, you can add a bit of chia seeds and let them soak for a few minutes before serving. Enjoy your refreshing and nutritious perilla juice!
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